Since 1956, U.S.-supported programs have invested in Sri Lanka, working in sectors such as health, education and technical training, agricultural and livelihood development, environment and natural resource management, local governance, humanitarian assistance and transition initiatives.

In times of man-made and natural disasters, USAID has played a lead role in providing humanitarian assistance. During the past decade, USAID has mobilized emergency aid for recovery, reconstruction and rebuilding after the 2004 tsunami; the end of conflict in 2009; and the 2010–2011 floods. USAID continues to work with the people of Sri Lanka to address key development priorities such as  good governance, economic growth, humanitarian assistance and transition initiatives.