April 2011

Over the past five years, substantial reductions have been recorded in mortality in children under five years of age, buttressed by improvements in malaria-specific indicators in all President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI)-supported countries where baseline and follow-up nationwide household surveys were conducted. These reductions are due in large part to a dramatic scale-up of malaria prevention and treatment measures since 2005, thanks to the collective efforts of national governments; the U.S. Government (USG); the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; the World Bank; other international donors; and multilateral and nongovernmental organizations. This report describes the role and contributions of the USG to reduce the burden of malaria in Africa and its impact on health systems. The activities and results described below represent the effect of the first four years of PMI funding (fiscal years 2006–2009), or approximately 60 percent of the $1.265 billion requested for the Initiative.